A reservoir in Bend, Oregon functions as a clearwell. In summer conditions, the maximum inflow from surface water sources is about 7,000 gallons per minute (gpm). Water is chlorinated just prior to inflow to the clearwell. At this flow rate, the water in the tank would optimally turn over more than four times per day. However, disinfection efficiency was unacceptably low. Thermal stratification and high flow rates were causing short-circuiting of the flow directly from inlet across the tank to the outlet. Contact times were about 30 minutes. To address these concerns, the Water Division installed a SolarBee mixer and tested the effects of mixing (via a tracer study and computational fluid dynamics). The field tests verified that contact times increased from 30 minutes to 80 minutes, exceeding the regulatory requirement of 30 minutes by over 150 percent.
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