Since the U.S. EPA’s proposed Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) for six per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in drinking water, national water sector organizations have voiced concerns about the nation’s estimated treatment costs.

In this interview Andrew Nishihara, civil engineer at Stantec, explains the costs behind PFAS treatment, reasons behind the water sector’s different estimates on national treatment costs, and how drinking water utilities have been able to adapt economically to the addition of PFAS treatment.